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String theory which
has been around for the past 30 years has not produced a single
testable prediction, leading some physicists such as Lee Smolin
of the Perimeter Institute in Ottawa, Canada to claim that it
is time for a change and that physics must look to new alternatives.
One such promising alternative is the highly innovative unified
field theory called subquantum kinetics which has been developed
by Dr. Paul LaViolette. Since the time it was first published
in 1985, twelve of its predictions have been confirmed (see link
below), perhaps a record among physics theories.
Recently,
subquantum kinetics had its most recent prediction confirmed
when a group of astronomers working with the MAGIC gamma ray
telescope based in the Canary Islands announced that they had
found proof that the velocity of light is not an exact constant,
but varies depending on the frequency of the light wave. This
new finding overturns a basic tenet of Einstein's special theory
of relativity which maintains that all photons should travel
with the same speed equal to the constant c regardless of their
frequency or energy. It also challenges standard string theory
which had presupposed that the constant velocity assumption of
relativity was valid.
Commenting about one of subquantum kinetics earlier
successful predictions, physics professor Panagiotis Pappas of
TEI University, Piraeus stated, "Paul should be awarded
a Nobel just for his discovery that planets and red dwarf stars
share the same mass-luminosity relation." This finding confirmed
his theory's early prediction that planets and stars continually
produce matter and energy in their interiors through a process
of continuous creation. Dr. Pappas stated, "His prediction
of continuous creation, which leads to a viable cosmology that
replaces the big bang theory, for me has been one of the biggest
revelations."
According
to LaViolette's theory, space is not empty, as standard physics
supposes, but is filled with a subquantum medium whose constituents
engage in life-like reaction and diffusion processes. His theory
posits that this ever-present activity continually creates the
particles and waves that form our material universe. LaViolette
identifies this unidirectional flux with the arrow of time.
LaViolette,
who heads the Starburst Foundation, a research institute based
in New York and Athens, was first inspired to develop his theory
in 1973 after reading about the newly discovered phenomenon of
chemical wave formation seen in certain chemical reaction systems
such as the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction shown below. LaViolette
states "I reasoned that if space were filled with entities
reacting and diffusing in a certain prescribed manner, then the
fields that make up subatomic particles and photons might be
conceived of as emergent concentration patterns in that medium,
generated and sustained in much the same way that chemical waves
are generated and sustained in such open chemical reaction systems."

Concentration waves propagating in the Belousov-Zhabotinskii
reaction (photo courtesy of A. Winfree).
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As
such, LaViolette grounded his theory in ideas previously developed
in the field of nonequilibrium thermodynamics for describing
systems whose constituents maintain a state of ongoing directed
process. His notion that the universe is based in directed process
allies subquantum kinetics with the ancient teachings of Heraclitus
as well as with those of eastern mysticism.
In
such a reaction-diffusion universe, however, the speed of light
would not be the same for all wavelengths. Higher frequency (higher
energy) photons would travel slightly faster than lower frequency
(lower energy) photons. Although, as LaViolette wrote in 1985,
the speed difference would be so small that it would only be
apparent if one were observing photons traveling over vast distances,
for example, light waves coming from a distant galaxy.
In
the early 1990's a group of scientists who were developing a
quantum gravity theory that was a nonstandard version of string
theory came to a similar conclusion. This group includes Dimitri
Nanopoulos, a member of the Athens Academy and Distinguished
Professor of Physics at Texas A&M University, physicists
Nikolaos Mavromatos of King's College in London, and John Ellis
and others at the European Center for Particle Physics (CERN)
in Geneva. Like LaViolette, Nanopoulos and his colleagues reasoned
from their theory that higher energy photons should travel slightly
faster than lower energy photons.
Collaborating
with 139 other scientists who call themselves the "MAGIC
collaboration", they sought to test this prediction by observing
the arrival times of gamma rays coming from the cores of distant
galaxies. One promising candidate they chose was Markarian 501,
an active galaxy that lies about 460 million years away. Using
the MAGIC telescope to observe a flare in this galaxy, they found
that lower frequency gamma rays in the energy range of 0.25 to
0.6 Tev arrived 4 minutes after their higher frequency counterparts
whose energy was an order of magnitude higher in the range 1.2
to 10 Tev (Albert, et al., 2007). Besides confirming the predictions
of their quantum gravity theory, this important finding also
confirms the light-velocity prediction of the subquantum kinetics
unified field theory.
Dr.
Ioannis Anastassiou, who works in nanotechnology research with
the European Commission in Belgium, comments "Because of
its long series of successes, subquantum kinetics may one day
be the theory that is taught in every university physics program.
It already has opened the door to understanding several phenomena
that were not previously explained by conventional physics."
Because
of its highly complicated hyper dimensional mathematics, string
theory is not easily understood even by most physicists. The
basics of subquantum kinetics, on the other hand, are far more
easily grasped, being grounded in classical physics concepts
and in theories applicable to all living systems.
Many
of the unique aspects of subquantum kinetics are described in
LaViolette's books Subquantum Kinetics and Genesis of the Cosmos.
Links:
Twelve predictions of subquantum kinetics:
www.starburstfound.org/LaViolette/Predict2.html
A brief description of subquantum kinetics:
www.starburstfound.org/LaVioletteBooks/ether.html
References
Albert, J., et al., 2007, Probing
quantum gravity using photons from a Mkn 501 flare observed by
MAGIC. Eprint: http://arXiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0708.2889.
LaViolette, P. A., 1985, An introduction to subquantum
kinetics. Parts I, II, and III. Intl. Jour. General Systems 11,
pp. 281 - 345.
LaViolette, P. A., 1994, 2003, Subquantum Kinetics:
A Systems Approach to Physics and Astronomy. Niskayuna, NY: Starlane
Publications. www.starburstfound.org/LaVioletteBooks/Book-SQK.html
LaViolette, P. A., 2006, Genesis of the Cosmos Rochester,
VT: Bear & Co., 2004. www.etheric.com/LaVioletteBooks/Book-BBB.html
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